Almost fourth of Russians believe Ukraine is an enemy - poll

These are the results of a poll carried out by the All-Russian Center for Public Opinion Studies, forwarded to UNIAN news agency.

[Jampa]

Is this the result of Russian chauvinist remarks of Putin about Ukraine?

[Ghost]

It's fact.
A fact cannot be chauvinist or something else. It is just fact .

[Jampa]

Ghost wrote:

It's fact.
A fact cannot be chauvinist or something else. It is just fact .

Can a fact be exaggerated or distorted? Is Putin's neofascism behind this?

[Canuck]

Can't really say that the Ukes haven't earned the title of "enemy".

[Ram Kumar]

Oh Leave it to the Russians and Ukranians

[Ukrainian]

Jampa wrote:

Is this the result of Russian chauvinist remarks of Putin about Ukraine?

As a Ukrainian I’d say it is Ukraine to blame, particularly the current president who is an American puppet and each time wants to bite Russia. He organizes gas scandals and Russia reacts when Ukraine steels a lot of gas and does not pay.

Also, Ukrainina NAZIs like Krishna were always doing their dirty job. On the one hand, Ukraine got a lot of things from Russia, on the other hand getting oil, gas, bla-bla-bla cheap they still blamed Russia for Holodomor which has nothing to do with Russia.

Russia was waiting for a long period of time but after that there was an end. That is really good for Russia because now in the past it was feeding a lot of republics including Ukraine, now all the relations should be based on economical grounds. Ukraine pays, Russia will provide products. Ukraine does not pay, f…k you.

[Ghost]

title of "enemy" must be deserved
Bunch of begging Holodomoric bums and family pimps cannot be named enemy.

[Orenburg Cossack USA]

Ukrainian wrote:

<quoted text>
As a Ukrainian I’d say it is Ukraine to blame, particularly the current president who is an American puppet and each time wants to bite Russia. He organizes gas scandals and Russia reacts when Ukraine steels a lot of gas and does not pay.
Also, Ukrainina NAZIs like Krishna were always doing their dirty job. On the one hand, Ukraine got a lot of things from Russia, on the other hand getting oil, gas, bla-bla-bla cheap they still blamed Russia for Holodomor which has nothing to do with Russia.
Russia was waiting for a long period of time but after that there was an end. That is really good for Russia because now in the past it was feeding a lot of republics including Ukraine, now all the relations should be based on economical grounds. Ukraine pays, Russia will provide products. Ukraine does not pay, f…k you.

Kakpac!

[Why_Me]

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NKVD_prisoner_ma...

Ukraine

Lviv (Lwow): between June 23 and June 28, the NKVD executed several thousand inmates in a number of provisional prisons. Among the common methods of extermination were shooting the prisoners in their cells, killing them with grenades thrown into the cells or starving them to death in the cellars. Some were simply bayoneted to death. It is estimated that over 4000 people were murdered that way, while the number of survivors is estimated at ca. 270

Lutsk (Luck): After the prison was hit by German bombs, the Soviet authorities promised amnesty to all political prisoners, in order to prevent escapes. As they lined up outside they were machine-gunned by Soviet tanks. They were told: "Those still alive get up." Some 370 stood up and were forced to bury the dead, after which they were murdered as well. It is estimated that between 1,500 to 4,000 were killed.

Brzezany (Berezhany) near Tarnopol (Ternopil): between June 22 and July 1 the crew of the local NKVD prison has executed without a trial approximately 300 Polish citizens, among them a large number of Ukrainians.

Vinnitsa: more than 9,000 executed.

Dubno: All the prisoners, including women and children, were executed in Dubno's three-story prison.

Sambor (Sambir): 570 killed

Simferopol: on October 31, the NKVD shot a number of people in the NKVD building and in the city prison. In Yalta, on November 4, the NKVD shot all the prisoners in the city prisons.

[Why_Me]

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vinnytsia_massac...

The Vinnytsia massacre was a mass execution of people in the Ukrainian town of Vinnytsia by the Soviet secret police NKVD during Joseph Stalin's Great Purge in 1937–1938. Mass graves in Vinnytsia were discovered during the German occupation of Ukraine in 1943.[1] The investigation of this site coincided with the discovery of a similar site in Katyn. Because the Germans wanted to use this evidence of Communist terror to discredit the Soviet Union, it became one of the better researched sites of mass murder among many in Ukraine.

The first examinations of the exhumed bodies were made by German, Ukrainian and Russian doctors such as professor Gerhard Schrader of the University of Halle-Wittenberg, docent Doroshenko of Vinnytsia, and professor Malinin of Krasnodar. The excavations started in May 1943 at three different locations: the fruit orchard in the west, the central cemetery, and the People's Park. Most of the bodies were found in the fruit orchard (5,644 bodies). Altogether, 91 mass graves were discovered at the three different locations and 9,432 bodies were exhumed; 149 of them were women. The excavations at the People's Park were not finished, though many more bodies were thought to be buried there.[2]

After a preliminary investigation conducted by professor Schrader's team, two teams of medical examiners were invited — one international and the other made up of 13 experts from different German universities. An international commission of experts in anatomy and forensic pathology was invited from eleven countries in Europe. The experts were:

People of Vinnytsia looking for their relatives among exhumed bodies.

Dr. Soenen, Ghent University, Belgium.
Dr. Michailov, Sofia University, Bulgaria.
Dr. Pesonen, University of Helsinki, Finland.
Dr. Duvoir, University of Paris, France.
Dr. Cazzaniga, University of Milan, Italy.
Dr. Jurak, University of Zagreb, Croatia.
Dr. ter Poorten, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands
Dr. Birkle, Bucharest, Romania.
Dr. Gösta Häggqvist, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Dr. Krsek, University of Bratislava, Slovakia.
Dr. Ferenc Orsós, University of Budapest, Hungary.

The international commission visited the mass graves between July 13 and July 15, 1943. The German commission completed its report on the July 29, 1943. Both commissions determined that almost all of the victims were executed by two shots in the back of the head between 1937–1938.

468 bodies were identified by people of Vinnytsia and the surroundings, the other 202 were identified on the basis of documents and evidence found in the graves. Most were identified as Ukrainians, but there were also 28 ethnic Poles.

[Why_Me]

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russification

Russification is an adoption of the Russian language or some other Russian attribute (whether voluntarily or not) by non-Russian communities. In a narrow sense, Russification is used to denote the influence of the Russian language on Slavic, Baltic and other languages, spoken in areas currently or formerly controlled by Russia, which led to emerging of russianisms, trasianka and surzhyk. In a historical sense, the term refers to both official and unofficial policies of Imperial Russia and the Soviet Union with respect to their national constituents and to national minorities in Russia, aimed at Russian domination.

The major areas of Russification are politics and culture. In politics, an element of Russification is assigning Russian nationals to leading administrative positions in national institutions. In culture, Russification primarily amounts to domination of the Russian language in official business and strong influence of Russian language on the national ones. The shifts in demographics in favour of Russian population are sometimes considered as a form of Russification as well.

Some scholars distinguish Russianization, the spread of Russian language, culture, and people into non-Russian cultures and regions, from Russification, a process of changing one's ethnic self-label or identity from a non-Russian ethnonym to Russian.[1] In this sense, the spread of Russian language, culture, and people (Russianization) should not be equated with the cultural assimilation of non-Russians (Russification). Although most people conflate these two processes, one does not necessarily lead to the other.

[Why_Me]

Since joining the gym two years ago, Robin, a mother of three in Ajax, Ont., has a buffer body. Her sex life is in better shape, too. "I feel more confident about being naked," says the 48-year-old, who's been married for 21 years. "And I used to be tired at night, but now I have the energy for sex." If you've lost the urge lately, perhaps you're not feeling confident in your own skin or are just too tired at the end of the day. You should visit your doctor if you're at all worried about your sex drive. But if you're simply in the midst of a short dry spell (pun intended!)- or just want to add a little passion to an already good love life - we've got expert tips that are sure to take your sex life from so-so to toe-curling good.

1) Please yourself
If you don't use it, you may risk losing it, says Clare Mezes, a registered couples and sex therapist in Toronto. Self-pleasuring helps keep the pubococcygeal muscles - which form the floor of your pelvis - in shape, improving sexual sensations, says Mezes. So the next time the mood strikes, don't be shy - act on it, says sex columnist Josey Vogels, author of Bedside Manners: Sex Etiquette Made Easy (HarperCollins Canada). "Set the mood, light some candles, put on some sexy lingerie and take your time," says Vogels. And, "since a picture is worth a thousand words, masturbating with or in front of your partner is a great way to teach him what you like."

Tip Try using a vibrator. According to a U.S. survey of 2,000 women, those who masturbated with a vibrator were more interested in sex, had an easier time reaching orgasm and experienced less pain during and after sex compared to those who didn't use one and those who didn't masturbate at all.

2) Reach for lube
Lubrication is important for preventing pain during intercourse, says Dr. Stephen Holzapfel, medical director of the Sexual Medicine Counselling Unit at Sunnybrook and Women's College Health Sciences Centre in Toronto. If you're not naturally producing enough wetness, don't hesitate to use a lubricant. And remember: being dry is not a direct indication of your interest level. "Some women get aroused without lubricating significantly," says Dr. Holzapfel.

Tip Vaginal yeast infections, breastfeeding, menopause and fear of sexual pain can all cause vaginal dryness. Talk to your doctor for more information.

3) It's not me, it's him
If your partner is experiencing erectile dysfunction (ED), don't blame it on your flabby thighs. "Couples use his erection as a barometer of his turn-on," explains Joan Marsman, a marriage and sex therapist in Toronto. But ED - a condition where your partner can't achieve a full erection or loses it before ejaculation - is normal in some men as a result of aging or stress, and often has very little to do with how sexually aroused your partner feels. "If he's not getting an erection, talk about what's going on so you can be reassured it has nothing to do with you," says Marsman. And while it is a delicate subject, it's worth urging your partner to talk with a physician right away

[Why_Me]

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russification

Early nationalities policy shared with later policy the object of assuring control by the Communist Party over all aspects of Soviet political, economic, and social life. The early Soviet policy of promoting what one scholar has described as "ethnic particularism" and another as "institutionalized multinationality", had a double goal. On the one hand, it had been an effort to counter Russian chauvinism by assuring a place for the non-Russian languages and cultures in the newly formed Soviet Union. On the other hand, it was a means to prevent the formation of alternative ethnically based political movements, including pan-Islamism and pan-Turkism. One way of accomplishing this was to promote what some regard as artificial distinctions between ethnic groups and languages rather than promoting amalgamation of these groups and a common set of languages based on Turkish or another regional language.

The Soviet nationalities policy from its early years sought to counter these two tendencies by assuring a modicum of cultural autonomy to non-Russian nationalities within a federal system or structure of government, though maintaining that the ruling Communist Party was monolithic, not federal. The federal system conferred highest status to the titular nationalities of union republics, and lower status to titular nationalities of autonomous republics, autonomous provinces, and autonomous okrugs. In all, some 50 nationalities had a republic, province, or okrug of which they held nominal control in the federal system. Federalism and the provision of native-language education ultimately left as a legacy a large non-Russian public that was educated in the languages of their ethnic groups and that identified a particular homeland on the territory of the Soviet Union.

By the late 1930s, however, there was a notable policy shift. Purges in some of the national regions, such as Ukraine, had occurred already in the early 1930s. Before the turnabout in Ukraine in 1933, a purge of Veli Ibrahimov and his leadership in the Crimean ASSR in 1929 for "national deviation" led to Russianization of government, education, and the media and to the creation of a special alphabet for Crimean Tatar to replace the Latin alphabet. Of the two dangers that Stalin had identified in 1923, now bourgeois nationalism (local nationalism) was said to be a greater threat than Great Russian chauvinism (great power chauvinism). In 1937, Faizullah Khojaev and Akmal Ikramov were removed as leaders of the Uzbek SSR and in 1938, during the third great Moscow show trial, convicted and subsequently put to death for alleged anti-Soviet nationalist activities.

Russian language gained greater emphasis. In 1938, Russian became a required subject of study in every Soviet school, including those in which a non-Russian language was the principal medium of instruction for other subjects (e.g., mathematics, science, and social studies). In 1939, non-Russian languages that had been given Latin-based scripts in the late 1920s were given new scripts based on the Cyrillic alphabet. One likely rationale for these decisions was the sense of impending war and that Russian was the language of command in the Red Army.

[Why_Me]

Since joining the gym two years ago, Robin, a mother of three in Ajax, Ont., has a buffer body. Her sex life is in better shape, too. "I feel more confident about being naked," says the 48-year-old, who's been married for 21 years. "And I used to be tired at night, but now I have the energy for sex." If you've lost the urge lately, perhaps you're not feeling confident in your own skin or are just too tired at the end of the day. You should visit your doctor if you're at all worried about your sex drive. But if you're simply in the midst of a short dry spell (pun intended!)- or just want to add a little passion to an already good love life - we've got expert tips that are sure to take your sex life from so-so to toe-curling good.

1) Please yourself
If you don't use it, you may risk losing it, says Clare Mezes, a registered couples and sex therapist in Toronto. Self-pleasuring helps keep the pubococcygeal muscles - which form the floor of your pelvis - in shape, improving sexual sensations, says Mezes. So the next time the mood strikes, don't be shy - act on it, says sex columnist Josey Vogels, author of Bedside Manners: Sex Etiquette Made Easy (HarperCollins Canada). "Set the mood, light some candles, put on some sexy lingerie and take your time," says Vogels. And, "since a picture is worth a thousand words, masturbating with or in front of your partner is a great way to teach him what you like."

Tip Try using a vibrator. According to a U.S. survey of 2,000 women, those who masturbated with a vibrator were more interested in sex, had an easier time reaching orgasm and experienced less pain during and after sex compared to those who didn't use one and those who didn't masturbate at all.

2) Reach for lube
Lubrication is important for preventing pain during intercourse, says Dr. Stephen Holzapfel, medical director of the Sexual Medicine Counselling Unit at Sunnybrook and Women's College Health Sciences Centre in Toronto. If you're not naturally producing enough wetness, don't hesitate to use a lubricant. And remember: being dry is not a direct indication of your interest level. "Some women get aroused without lubricating significantly," says Dr. Holzapfel.

Tip Vaginal yeast infections, breastfeeding, menopause and fear of sexual pain can all cause vaginal dryness. Talk to your doctor for more information.

3) It's not me, it's him
If your partner is experiencing erectile dysfunction (ED), don't blame it on your flabby thighs. "Couples use his erection as a barometer of his turn-on," explains Joan Marsman, a marriage and sex therapist in Toronto. But ED - a condition where your partner can't achieve a full erection or loses it before ejaculation - is normal in some men as a result of aging or stress, and often has very little to do with how sexually aroused your partner feels. "If he's not getting an erection, talk about what's going on so you can be reassured it has nothing to do with you," says Marsman. And while it is a delicate subject, it's worth urging your partner to talk with a physician right away.

Tip Don't be surprised if, when your partner has ED, you temporarily misplace your libido. Research from the University of Western Ontario in London shows this is often the case; however, the problem can be remedied when your partner's ED is treated.

[Why_Me]

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russification

Before and during World War II, Stalin deported to Central Asia and Siberia several entire nationalities for their suspected collaboration with the German invaders: Volga Germans, Crimean Tatars, Chechens, Ingush, Balkars, Kalmyks, and others. Shortly after the war, he deported many Ukrainians and Balts to Siberia as well.

After the war the leading role of the Russian people in the Soviet family of nations and nationalities was promoted by Stalin and his successors. This shift was most clearly underscored by Communist Party General Secretary Stalin's Victory Day toast to the Russian people in May 1945:

I would like to raise a toast to the health of our Soviet people and, before all, the Russian people.

I drink, before all, to the health of the Russian people, because in this war they earned general recognition as the leading force of the Soviet Union among all the nationalities of our country.

Late 1950s to 1980s: Advanced Russianization

[edit] 1958-59 education reform: parents choose language of instruction
An analysis of textbook publishing found that education was offered for at least one year and for at least the first class (grade) in 67 languages between 1934 and 1940.[14] The educational reforms undertaken after Nikita Khrushchev became First Secretary of the Communist Party in the late 1950s began a process of replacing non-Russian schools with Russian ones for the nationalities that had lower status in the federal system or whose populations were smaller or displayed widespread bilingualism already.[15] Nominally, this process was guided by the principle of "voluntary parental choice." But other factors also came into play, including the size and formal political status of the group in the Soviet federal hierarchy and the prevailing level of bilingualism among parents.[16] By the early 1970s schools in which non-Russian languages served as the principal medium of instruction operated in 45 languages, while seven more indigenous languages were taught as subjects of study for at least one class year. By 1980, instruction was offered in 35 non-Russian languages of the peoples of the USSR, just over half the number in the early 1930s.

Moreover, in most of these languages schooling was not offered for the complete 10-year curriculum. For example, within the RSFSR in 1958-59, full 10-year schooling in the native language was offered in only three languages: Russian, Tatar, and Bashkir.[17] And some nationalities had minimal or no native-language schooling. By 1962-1963, among non-Russian nationalities that were indigenous to the RSFSR, whereas 27% of children in classes I-IV (primary school) studied in Russian-language schools, 53% of those in classes V-VIII (incomplete secondary school) studied in Russian-language schools, and 66% of those in classes IX-X studied in Russian-language schools. Although many non-Russian languages were still offered as a subject of study at a higher class level (in some cases through complete general secondary school – the 10th class), the pattern of using Russian language as the main medium of instruction accelerated after Khrushchev's parental choice program got under way.

Pressure to convert the main medium of instruction to Russian was evidently higher in urban areas. For example, in 1961-62, reportedly only 6% of Tatar children living in urban areas attended schools in which Tatar was the main medium of instruction.[18] Similarly in Dagestan in 1965, schools in which the indigenous language was the medium of instruction existed only in rural areas. The pattern was probably similar, if less extreme, in most of the non-Russian union republics, although in Belarus and Ukraine schooling in urban areas was highly Russianized.

[Orenburg Cossack USA]

Why_Me wrote:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/V innytsia_massacre
The Vinnytsia massacre was a mass execution of people in the Ukrainian town of Vinnytsia by the Soviet secret police NKVD during Joseph Stalin's Great Purge in 1937–1938. Mass graves in Vinnytsia were discovered during the German occupation of Ukraine in 1943.[1] The investigation of this site coincided with the discovery of a similar site in Katyn. Because the Germans wanted to use this evidence of Communist terror to discredit the Soviet Union, it became one of the better researched sites of mass murder among many in Ukraine.
The first examinations of the exhumed bodies were made by German, Ukrainian and Russian doctors such as professor Gerhard Schrader of the University of Halle-Wittenberg, docent Doroshenko of Vinnytsia, and professor Malinin of Krasnodar. The excavations started in May 1943 at three different locations: the fruit orchard in the west, the central cemetery, and the People's Park. Most of the bodies were found in the fruit orchard (5,644 bodies). Altogether, 91 mass graves were discovered at the three different locations and 9,432 bodies were exhumed; 149 of them were women. The excavations at the People's Park were not finished, though many more bodies were thought to be buried there.[2]
After a preliminary investigation conducted by professor Schrader's team, two teams of medical examiners were invited — one international and the other made up of 13 experts from different German universities. An international commission of experts in anatomy and forensic pathology was invited from eleven countries in Europe. The experts were:
People of Vinnytsia looking for their relatives among exhumed bodies.
Dr. Soenen, Ghent University, Belgium.
Dr. Michailov, Sofia University, Bulgaria.
Dr. Pesonen, University of Helsinki, Finland.
Dr. Duvoir, University of Paris, France.
Dr. Cazzaniga, University of Milan, Italy.
Dr. Jurak, University of Zagreb, Croatia.
Dr. ter Poorten, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands
Dr. Birkle, Bucharest, Romania.
Dr. Gösta Häggqvist, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Dr. Krsek, University of Bratislava, Slovakia.
Dr. Ferenc Orsós, University of Budapest, Hungary.
The international commission visited the mass graves between July 13 and July 15, 1943. The German commission completed its report on the July 29, 1943. Both commissions determined that almost all of the victims were executed by two shots in the back of the head between 1937–1938.
468 bodies were identified by people of Vinnytsia and the surroundings, the other 202 were identified on the basis of documents and evidence found in the graves. Most were identified as Ukrainians, but there were also 28 ethnic Poles.

I guess you believe in the tooth fairy to. Moran!

[Why_Me]

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russification

Present times
Many people allege that Russification policies continue in other ex-Soviet territories, mainly in Belarus under Alexander Lukashenko's government. Some international NGOs argue that Russification policies are occurring in republics inside the Russian Federation like Mari El, although Putin's administration has denied these accusations.

Tatarstan republic tried to switch its alphabet to Latin, however the Latin alphabet was officially banned for Russia's official languages. This position was officially explained with two reasons:

switching languages required finances, which are limited,
it would be difficult to make older generations accept the new language/alphabet.
Critics cite these rationale as remnants of policy of Russification.

Russian is the language of higher education, trade and business in all regions of Russia. In Kazakhstan, Belarus and Kyrgyzstan Russian has been declared an official language (in Kazakhstan its official status is "Language of interethnic communication"). In Ukraine, this was an issue in the 2004 presidential election: Viktor Yanukovich supported making Russian a state language while Viktor Yushchenko opposed it. The current government is unwilling to make Russian a state language. However, despite official government policies, the Russian language is widely used on television [1] and the circulation of Russian language newspapers is high all over the country (in the eastern and southern parts of Ukraine Russian is the dominant language). The situation is similar in Kazakhstan. In both Ukraine and, to a lesser extent, Kazakhstan, there have been attempts to make the titular languages the main languages for the media and the press (this is referred to as derussification in those countries), but these have had limited success. In Belarus, such attempts stopped in 1994, with the ascent of Alexander Lukashenko; most of the administrative, educational and legislative business in Belarus is carried out in Russian.

[Why_Me]

Orenburg Cossack USA wrote:

<quoted text> I guess you believe in the tooth fairy to. Moran!

Learn to spell. It's "moron".

And you are saying the massacre at Lvov and Vynsestia wasn't committed by the Russian NKVD? Your an idiot. The stupid Russians even made notes of it. Infact try youtube and you can see Ukrainians digging up thousands of body's, many not even fully decomposed.

Your brave Russians even killed school children when the NAZI's were breathing down their necks durring Operation Barbossa.

Seriously before you make youself look like a bigger fool than you already have on here, take the time and learn up on some history. You need it.

[biomed_guy]

But wouldn't the article suggest that 3 out of 4 Russians don't see Ukraine as an enemy? Wouldn't 21% be insignificant?

[Aussie]

Why_Me wrote:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/V innytsia_massacre
The Vinnytsia massacre was a mass execution of people in the Ukrainian town of Vinnytsia by the Soviet secret police NKVD during Joseph Stalin's Great Purge in 1937–1938.

Just look at this
http://www.electronicmuseum.ca/Poland-WW2/ukr...

and save your crap for yourself.

This is what the Ukrainian nationalistic army supported by Krishnamurty and bloody idiots like him did within the WWII.

No comments, just look at this
http://www.electronicmuseum.ca/Poland-WW2/ukr...